What are varicose veins?
Varicose veins are swollen and enlarged veins that usually occur in the legs. These veins, located near the surface of the skin, become varicose due to increased pressure, especially from prolonged standing or walking.
What is the difference between varicose veins and spider veins?
Varicose veins appear knotted and twisted and have a dark-blue hue. Spider veins look like varicose veins but are smaller and closer to the surface of the skin. They are often red or blue in color and may look like tree branches or spider webs which are usually found on the legs or face.
Who is likely to develop varicose veins?
Varicose veins are common in women, especially during hormonal changes such as pregnancy and menopause. In addition, the risk increases with age, but can manifest in adulthood. Certain health conditions, including obesity, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and family history, can increase susceptibility. Therefore, it is vital for individuals, especially those with predisposing factors, to maintain their wellness and consult medical professionals if symptoms occur.
What are the symptoms of varicose veins?
Common symptoms of varicose veins arising in humans are-;
- Appearance: Veins appear swollen, twisted and dark purple or blue.
- Pain: The legs may feel achy, heavy, or aching, especially behind the knees.
- Swelling: The feet, ankles, or legs may swell.
- Skin: Changes in the color of the skin around the veins, with possible brown discoloration, can be seen if left untreated.
- Other symptoms include itching, burning, throbbing or muscle cramps around the veins, often worse at night.
- Additional indicators: Leg sores, rash, dry, itchy or thin skin over the affected vein.
Where do varicose veins usually appear?
Varicose veins or varicose veins, which present as swollen, twisted veins, can appear all over the body. Although these are often seen on the legs and feet, some common signs include
- Calves
- Thighs
- Areas both behind and in front of legs, especially near ankles and feet
- During pregnancy, these can appear around the lower pelvic area, inner thighs and buttocks.
What causes varicose veins?
Varicose veins develop due to weakened or damaged vein walls and valves, which cause blood to pool and the veins to widen and twist. Some others causes of varicose veins include:
- Age: The elasticity of veins decreases with age.
- Pregnancy: Varicose veins in pregnancy they occur due to increased blood volume to support the increasing pressure of the baby.
- Excess weight: Excess weight adds pressure to the veins.
- Prolonged sitting or standing: Prolonged periods in these positions may increase the risk.
- Sedentary: Lack of activity can contribute to high blood pressure.
- Other factors: Smoking, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, leg injuries, chronic constipation, and insufficient vitamin K2 levels can also increase susceptibility to varicose veins.
How are varicose veins diagnosed?
A healthcare professional may choose any of the following diagnosis of varicose veins:
- Physical exam: Your healthcare provider will assess your legs while standing to note any swelling and look for varicose veins.
- Medical history investigation: Symptoms, family history, activity levels, and lifestyle are often discussed to understand potential risk factors.
- Imaging tests: A duplex ultrasound (DUS), a non-invasive method that uses sound waves to assess blood flow in the leg vessels, may be prescribed. This can help identify damaged valves that contribute to varicose veins.
- Further investigation: If varicose veins cause pain, skin changes or other complications, referral to a vascular specialist may be warranted.
What is the treatment for varicose veins?
A few treatment of varicose veins options that are available as temporary or permanent treatments are-;
- Compression socks: These garments apply pressure to the legs, helping blood circulation. They are available over the counter or with a prescription, and insurance coverage may apply if symptoms are present.
- Varicose vein surgery procedures
- Sclerotherapy: Involves injecting a solution into varicose veins to close them. Multiple injections may be needed and the procedure can often be performed in the office without anesthesia.
- Laser therapy: Uses bursts of light to fade varicose veins. It is a non-invasive procedure with no cuts or needles.
- Catheter-based procedures (radiofrequency or laser energy): These methods involve heating and sealing varicose veins and are particularly effective for larger veins.
- High vein ligation and stripping: This outpatient procedure ligates and removes varicose veins through small incisions.
- Ambulatory phlebectomy: Smaller varicose veins are removed through tiny punctures in the skin, resulting in minimal scarring. This procedure is also performed on an outpatient basis.
What are the Complications/Side Effects of Treatment?
Possible complications or side effects of treatments for varicose veins include:
- Temporary bruising or discoloration in the treated area
- Swelling or discomfort may occur
- Skin irritation or a rash may occur
- Allergic reactions to drugs used during the procedures are rare but possible
- Numbness or tingling may occur
- Blood clots may occur, although they are uncommon
- Infection or nerve damage are rare but possible risks
- Varicose veins can reappear over time
- Scarring or changes in skin texture may occur
How can I prevent varicose veins?
Consider these lifestyle adjustments to prevent possible varicose veins:
- Incorporate regular exercise to improve blood flow and muscle tone. Aim for activities like walking or cycling for 30 minutes 3-5 times a week.
- Maintain a healthy weight to relieve pressure on the veins.
- Eat a balanced diet low in salt and high in fiber to reduce water retention, a contributing factor to varicose veins.
- Pay attention to the position of the seat. avoid crossing your legs and raise your legs when sitting or lying down.
- Choose appropriate footwear, avoiding high heels or tight socks other than compression socks.
- Take breaks to change positions frequently, incorporating stretches or short walks every 30 minutes.
What is the outlook for people with varicose veins?
The outlook for people with varicose veins is generally positive. With appropriate management, including lifestyle adjustments and medical interventions as needed, most people can effectively control symptoms and minimize complications. However, regular follow-up is necessary to prevent possible deterioration or complications.
What are the complications of varicose veins?
Possible complications of varicose veins include:
- Ulcers: Painful sores may develop near the varicose veins, especially around the ankles.
- Blood clots: Enlarged veins deep in the legs can lead to clot formation.
- Bleeding: In rare cases, superficial veins may rupture.
- Swelling of the legs: Prolonged varicose veins can lead to swelling of the legs.
Do varicose veins return after treatment?
Varicose veins can actually recur after treatment, with about 60% of people experiencing a recurrence within five years.
Conclusion
Varicose veins are common and may recur even after they are permanent treatment of varicose veins. However, with proper management and lifestyle adjustments, people can often control it symptoms of varicose veins and minimizes complications. Remember, regular monitoring is key to maintaining vein health. For convenient tests and check-ups at home, consider using it Metropolis Healthcare/Labs services, ensuring comprehensive care from the comfort of your home.
